ד"ר נאדירה שלהוב-קיברקיאן
המכון לקרימינולוגיה, הפקולטה למשפטים, האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים
שם הקורס: מגדר וזכויות אדם – בין קרימינולוגיה, ויקטימולוגיה, ועשייה חברתית
Gender and Human Right
“To engage in dialogue is one of the simplest ways we can begin as teachers, scholars and critical thinkers to cross boundaries”
(bell hooks, Teaching to Transgress, 130)
Introduction The course will address the criminological and victimological aspects of gender and human right violations (gender includes both men and women). The course provides students with theoretical, practical and human rights advocacy methods and critical concepts to reflect on and deepen their knowledge on the subject matter. It is anticipated that participants will deepen their knowledge about the relationship between politics, citizenship, and preservation of human rights from a gender perspective while focusing on the importance of acknowledging and acting upon the criminological and victimological (including the traumatological) effect of violations of human rights. In doing so, the course will stress the importance of the issue at hand through various main emancipatory factors, educational, economic, legal, spatial, and social activism. In doing so, the course will address issues such as contextual analyses of hidden violations, mapping and re-mapping marginalized social issues, analyzing advocacy and strategic programs from around the world and promoting the development of contextually sensitive messages, reports and media coverage in addition to exposing students to public outreach programs and mobilization plans, lobbying and negotiations, advocacy, leadership, and coalition building.
A. The Beginning: Setting the Scene
(This might take 3-5 meetings)
Isn't that the kind of teaching we need these days, that difficult circumstances can be the path to liberation. That's news you can use
The course will start to explore the gendered manifestations of violence in public and private spheres within the context of the more general relationship among globalization, development, and human/civil/citizen rights. We will pay attention to banal violence (that is, daily and “banal” violence in everyday life), spectacular violence at moments of crisis, and the type of violence that disrupts the boundary between the two. Special emphasis will be given to the issues of racism, sexual exploitation, poverty, labor, health care, homophobia, militarism, xenophobia and globalization
Required reading
Alston, P and H. Steiner. "Introduction to Human Rights Issues and Discourses: Global Snapshots". International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, and Morals. ( New York: Oxford University Press. P. 3-17
Cohen S., (2001), States of Denial, London: Polity Press, Pp. 1-20
Derrida J.,(1992) "Before the Law", In: Attridge D., (Ed.),(1992), Jacques Derrida acts of literature, New York: Routledge
Kretzmer, D. (2005). "The Advisory Opinion: The light treatment of International Humanitarian Law”, The American Journal of International Law, Washington 99(1
P. 88-10 Merry S.E ,(2003). "Rights Talk and the Experience of Law: Implementing Women’s Human Rights to Protection from Violence", Human Rights Quarterly, 25;343–381
Merry S.E ,(2006). "Transnational Human Rights and Local Activism: Mapping the Middle". American Anthropologist. 108 (1); 38-51
Minow M., (1987), "Interpreting Rights: an Essay for Robert Cover", The Yale Law Journal, Vol.96, N. 8, Pp. 1860-1915
דפנהגולןעגנון, איפהאניבסיפורהזה? (ירושלים, כתר 2002)
B. Learning from Readings
Andrew P., (2003), "Women’s human rights and the conversation across culture", Albany law review, Pp. 1-6
Askin K.D,(2003), “Prosecuting wartime rape and other gender-related crime under international law”, Berkeley journal of international law, Pp. 1-64
Campbell K., (2002), "Legal memories: Sexual assault, Memory, and International humanitarian law", Signs: journal of women in culture and society, vol. 28, no.11, Pp. 149-178
Ensalaco M., (2006), "Murder in Ciudad Juarez: a parable of women’s struggle for human rights", violence against women, vol. 12, no.5, Pp.417-440
Gardam J, M. Jarvis, (2000), "Women and armed conflict: the international response to the Beijing platform for action", Colombia human rights law review, pp. 2-51
Richards P., (2005), “The politics of gender, human rights and being indigenous in Chile", gender and society, vol.19, no.2, Pp.199-220
Rouhana, N and Sabagh-Huri, A ( 2006), "Aggression: The Space of Tolerance and the Privileged Situation.” In Hanna Herzog and Kinneret Lahad (eds.) Knowledge and Silence: On Mechanisms of Denial and Repression in Israeli Society, Van-Leer Institute Jerusalem / Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House (Hebrew)
Shalhoub-Kevorkian N., (2005), “Counter-spaces as resistance in conflict zone: Palestinian women recreating a home”, Journal of Feminist Family Therapy: An International Forum V. 17, No.3, Pp. 109-141
Sunder M., (2003), Piercing the veil, Yale law journal, pp. 1-65
באטלר ג.,(1993), "גופים נחשבים", בתוך: אמיר ד. ואח', ללמוד פמיניזם: מקראה, הקיבוץ המאוחד, עמודים 443-476
C. Learning from the Field
(This will include inviting some practitioners and human right activists to share with us their experiences and challenges
We will start with a presentation on women and Empowerment
Suggested reading
Foster D., (2006),”Evaluating the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa”, Social Justice Research, Vol. 19, No. 4, Pp. 527-540
hooks B., (1989), Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black, Cambridge: sought and press
hooks B., (1990) Yearnings – Race, Gender and Cultural Politics, Pp. 214-230
Shaheed F., “Engagements of Culture, Customs and Law: Women’s Lives and Activism:, In: Shaping Women’s Lives, Pp. 61-79
ארונדהטירוי,"ארגונים לא-ממשלתיים, הון ושינוי חברתי", מתוךנאוםבסןפרנסיסקו, קליפורניה, שפורסםבירחוןהצרפתי "להמונדדיפלומטיק".
דפנהברקארז, משפטימפתח- ציונידרךבביהמ"שהעליון, האוניברסיטההמשודרת, משרדהבטחון, 2003. עמודים 41-47.
נטעזיו," יישוביםקהילתיים, עורכידין, ואסטרטגיותמשפטיותלשינויחברתי", מחברותעדאלה 2, (חורף 2000), עמ' 34- 38.
סדןא., (1997), העצמהותכנוןקהילתי – תיאוריהופרקטיקהשלפתרונותחברתייםאנושיים, ת"א: הקיבוץהמאוחד.
שתי"ל (תרגום), טקטיקות להתערבות למניעת הפרת זכויות אדם,
מתוך: New Tactics – A Resource Book
D. More about Gender and Human Right
The readings include
Dworkin A., (1994), “The Unremembered:Searching for Women at the Holocaust Memorial Museum”, Ms. magazine, Vo. V, No.3
Dworkin A., (1985), “against the Male Flood: Censorship, Pornography, and Equality”, In: Weisberg D.K., (Ed.), (1993), Feminist Legal Theory, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, Pp.28-36
Epstein B., The Successes and Failures of Feminism, Journal of Women's History, Vol. 14, No. 2, Pp. 118-125
Mertus J., N Flowers and M. Dutt.(1999). “Local Action, Global Change: Learning about the Human Rights of Women and Girls.” New York: UNIFEM and Center for Women’s Global Leadership. 19-21
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade ,(2002), “Under Western Eyes” Revisited: Feminist Solidarity through Anticapitalist Struggles, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, , Vol. 28, No. 2, Pp.499-535
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. )1986(. “Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses.” Boundary, Vol. 2,No.12(3):333–58
מוהנטי צ.ט., "תחת עיניים מערביות: הגות פמיניסטית ושיחים קולוניאליים, "1988, בתוך: אמיר ד' ואח', ללמוד פמיניזם: מקראה, עמודים 415-427.
Nelson J., (1995) “Feminism and Economy”. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 9 (2) 131-148.
Ronit Lentin (2004) 'No Woman's Law will Rot this State': The Israeli Racial State and Feminist Resistance', Sociological Research Online, vol. 9, no. 3,
ינאי, ניצה, "קויםלהבנתהחקירההמדעיתהפמיניסטית", פסיכולוגיהג', 1992, עמ' 20-13.
מגדר,פוליטיקה, עמודים 19-47.
להב פ., (1993), "'כשהפאליאטיברקמקלקל": הדיוןבכנסתעלחוקשיוויזכויותהאשה,זמנים 46-47, עמודים' 149-159.
מלאך-פיינס, א., ה.דהאן-כלב, וס.רונן, "זהלאהמין, זההרעיון", פנים 22, 2002, עמ' 71-65.
סיפורהשלויקיקנפועלמאבקהאמהותהחד- הוריות:מראיינים: אבישיבינישויוסיכורזיםקורושי.
ספרןח., (2006), לארוצותלהיותנחמדות: המאבקעלזכותהבחירהלנשיםוראשיתושלהפמיניזםהחדשבישראל, חיפה: פרדסהוצהלאור.
פרידמן א. (1999), "על פמיניזם, נשיות וכוח של נשים בישראל", בתוך: פרידמן א. ואח', מין, מגדר,פוליטיקה, עמודים.
סימונס, ג'ון, (1995), "הקואליציההפמיניסטיתבאזוריהגבול", תיאוריהוביקורת, 7, עמ' 29-20.
ספרן, חנה, (2002), "יוםאחדיבינושאנחנוצודקות," פנים 22, עמ' 64-56.
שירן ו., אנחנו מסעודה משדרות, מתוך: הדרה ודימוי שלילי- אי שיוויון בתקשורת הישראלית, האגודה לזכויות האזרח, (2001).
ששון-לוי, א. ורפופורט, ת., (2002), "גוף, אידיאולוגיה ומגדר בתנועות חברתיות", מגמות, מ"א, 4, עמ' 513-489.
נווה ח.,"לקט, פאה ושכחה: החיים מחוץ לקאנון", בתוך: פרידמן א. ואח', (1999),מין, מגדר,פוליטיקה, עמודים 49-106.
E. Some More…..Before we end
The course will conclude by giving a short overview on the contemporary crisis around global violence and the suspected gendered aspect of it. In doing so, we will examine and uncover the various interpretations and relationships between globalization and human rights violations, and between violence against women and redefinition of human rights. The students will then be required to discuss what is to be done about this in a practical matter of vigorous intellectual and political debate
Required Reading
Devault M.L., (1999), Liberating Method: Feminism and Social Research, Philadelphia: Temple University Press
Frank A.W, (2005), “What is a Dialogical Research, and Why Should We Do It?”, Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 964-974
Sandoval C., (2000), Methodology of the Oppressed, London: University of Minnesota Press. Chapters 3-5
Smith L.T, (1999), Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples
Pp.1-57 F. Celebrating Knowledge
Students here will be presenting their projects and a short summary with an outlined paper.
Finally
The value of injecting "reality", mainly gendered realities into human rights education/advocacy cannot be understated. Many of the students that I taught during my time in Israel, Palestine, Jordan and the US and that ended up working on human rights issues often contacted me while relating to two things. First, the importance of learning in an atmosphere that allows to see the invisible and hear the unheard regarding violations of women’s rights. Second, the effect of such seeing and hearing on their own personal, familial lives and public activism. They constantly shared with me the fact that studying in such an eye opening context allowed them to change their lives because it changed the way they thought about human rights their own ability to influence their family, community, country, and the world.
Only if and when the course “Gender and Human Right” starts having meaning and affect our personal lives, our homes, our schools, friends, and community- that we all succeed to unravel the cruelty of privacy, silence and silencing- AND speak truth to power
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רשימת ארגונים בהם פעילים סטודנטים המשתתפים בקורס:
על"מ - עמותה לנוער במצבי סיכון
جمعية علم-جمعية للشباب في حالات الخطر
ELEM - Youth in Distress in Israel
אשנב – אנשים למען שימוש נבון באינטרנט
نافذة خدمات (أشناف)- لاستعمال ذكي بالانترنت
Eshnav – People for Wise Use of the Internet
בזכות – המרכז לזכויות אדם של אנשים עם מוגבלויות
بزخوت- مركز لحقوق الإنسان للأشخاص ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة
Bizchut – The Israel Human Rights Center for People with Disabilities
מרכז עטאא – לשכה אזרחית במזרח ירושלים
مركز عطاء- المنتدى للوفاق الأمني
Ataa Center – Office for Information and Assistance for East Jerusalem Residents
המרכז הרפואי תל-אביב ע"ש סוראסקי
المركز الطبي تل أبيب على أسم سوراسكي
The Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
Task Force on Human Trafficking